Excipients & Fine Chemicals

Almagate is a type of antacid which contains aluminum and magnesium and is known by other names such as Almax, Deprece, Obetine and Tisacid. The IUPAC name of the drug is aluminum trimagnesium carbonate heptahydroxide dihydrate and the chemical formula is Al2Mg6(OH)14(CO3)2.4H2O. It is used as an antacid raw material in specific formulations and can be utilized to neutralize gastric acid and reduce the activity of pepsin. It affects gastric ulcer caused by bile reflux due to its adsorption capacity of cholic acid.

Aluminum Hydroxide + Magnesium Carbonate Co. Dried Gel is fine amorphous powder and can be identified by the reaction of aluminum & magnesium salts. It is odurless and practically insoluble in water but it dissolves in dilute mineral acids with little effervescence. The chemical formula is Al65(OH)213Mg26.C17O48.NH2O and it has the capacity to consume not less than 260 ml of 0.1M HCl. The mixing of two products avoids the handling complexity of two different compounds.

Calcium Citrate has the chemical formula (C6H6O7)2Ca3.4H2O and its molecular weight is 498.432 g/mol. It is a colorless crystalline or white powdery acid that is typically found in plants such as citrus fruits. The compound is widely used as flavoring & sequestrating agent and as an antioxidant in foods. It is also utilized as dietary calcium supplements. Another application of this compound is to soften water because the citrate ions can chelate unwanted metal ions.

Bentonite is typically formed from weathering of volcanic ash in the presence of water. There are many types of bentonite clay including sodium, calcium, potassium, or aluminum depending on which element is the dominant material. It can be used for different purposes such as for drilling mud, binding, purifying, absorbing, and as a barrier for groundwater. The clay also finds application in medical, thai farming, pottery, and as bentonite slurry walls in modern construction.

The IUPAC name of Bismuth Subsalicylate is bismuth;2-oxidobenzoate; hydroxide and the molecular formula is C7H5BiO4. This drug is mainly used in the treatment of nausea, heartburn, indigestion, upset stomach, and diarrhea. Due to its anti-inflammatory action, it is also utilized as an antacid and mild antibiotic. When it combines with sulfur in the saliva and gastrointestinal tract, it causes a black tongue and black stools but it is temporary and harmless.

Berberin Hydrochloride is a salt form of Berberine and is orally bioavailable. It has different properties including antineoplastics, radiosensitizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-lipidemic, and antidiabetic activities. The drug has chemical formula C20H18ClNO4 and the molecular weight is 371.817 g/mol. It belongs to the family of alkaloids and derivatives and shows neutral & weakly acidic properties. The drug modulates lipid & glucose metabolism and induces cell cycle arrest & apoptosis which stops cancer cell proliferation.

Croscarmellose Sodium has the chemical formula C28H30Na8O27 and its molecular mass is 982.44 g/mol.It is a cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose compound and mainly used as a disintegrant in capsules, tablets, and granule formulations. It looks like a white free-flowing powder and was first used as a stabilizer in horse supplements. The combination of particle size and optimal degree of substitution makes it an effective super disintegrant. It develops a very strong swelling force upon dissolving in water.

Calamine has the chemical formula Fe2O4Zn and is also recognized as medipack and calamine lotion. It is a soft, white or faintly yellowish-white amorphous powder and is free from gritty particles. The IUPAC name of this compound is zinc;iron(3+);oxygen(2-) and its molecular weight is 241.066 g/mol. It is used to treat mild itchiness that can result from sunburn, insect bite, and poison oak. It can also be applied as cream or lotion to cure skin irritation.

The IUPAC name of Calcium Glycerophosphate is calcium;2,3-dihydroxypropyl phosphate and the molecular formula is C3H7CaO6P. The compound is a salt or ester of glycerophosphoric acid and available in white, fine, and slightly hygroscopic powder. It has cariostatic nature due to which it is used in dental or oral hygiene products. The compound is also utilized as a nutrient supplement for calcium or phosphorous and in food products such as gelatins, puddings, or fillings.

Dried Aluminium Hydroxide Gel has the molecular formula Al(OH)3 and its molecular weight is 78.003 g/mol. It is widely used as an antacid to neutralize hydrochloric acid in gastric secretions. The action of pepsin can also be inhibited by an increase in pH of this gel. The compound can also be utilized in the manufacturing of lake colors, inks, glass, effluent treatment, and fire retardants. It has good solubility in dilute mineral acids and in alkali hydroxide solutions.

The IUPAC name of Dimethicone is dimethyl-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)silane and its chemical formula is C8H24O2Si3. It is widely used as a moisturizer to treat or prevent different skin conditions including dry, rough, scaly, itchy, and minor skin irritations. It is a type of emollient which is used to soften and moisturize skin thus decrease itching and flaking. It is a clear, colorless, and odorless liquid which finds application in pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.

The IUPAC name of Dried Ferrous Sulphate is iron; sulfuric acid and its molecular formula is FeSO4. This compound is also known as ferrous sulfate hydrate and ferrous sulfate dried powder. Its color is fine reddish orange or reddish brown and it is available in powdered form. It acts as a supplement to treat or prevent low blood levels of iron and usually taken in the deficiency of iron such as anaemia.

Ferric Ammonium Citrate has the chemical formula (NH4)5[Fe(C6H4O7)2] and its IUPAC name is 2-Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate, ammonium iron(3+) salt. It can be used as a food additive and also as an acidity regulator. The compound can be utilized as a reducing agent of low reactive metal salts such as gold and silver. Other applications are in cyanotype photographic process, medical imaging as a contrast medium, and water purification. It has a molecular weight of 264.999 g/mol.

The IUPAC name of Ferric Pyrophosphate is sodium; iron(3+); 2-oxidopropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate; phosphonomethyl phosphonic acid and its molecular weight is 745.202 g/mol. The molecular formula of the compound is Fe4(P2O7)3 and known by many names such as Actiferol Fe and Sunactive Fe. It is a mixed ligand iron complex in which iron (III) is bound to pyrophosphate and citrate and used as an iron replacement product. It is available as apple green free flowing powder.

Ferric Glycerophosphate is an orange to greenish yellow crystalline powder which is odorless and tasteless. It has the molecular formula of C9H21Fe2O18P3 and molar mass is 621.86 g/mol. The IUPAC name of the compound is 1,5-dihydroxypentan-3-yl phosphate; [(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl] phosphate; iron(2+). Its topological polar surface area is 339 A^2 and the complexity is 117. It is readily soluble in water and widely used as a source of iron and food supplement.

Ferrous Bisglycinate is a greenish colored powder which is also known as iron glycinate. Its IUPAC name is 2-aminoacetate; iron(2+) and molecular formula is C4H8FeN2O4. It belongs to the family of chelate that is mainly used as a source of dietary iron. It forms a ring structure on reaction with glycine and acts as a nutritionally functional compound. The compound is added to foods for the purpose of enrichment as supplements of iron.

The chemical formula for Ferrous Calcium Citrate is C12H10Ca2FeO14 and its molecular weight is 514.199 g/mol. The IUPAC name is dicalcium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;iron(2+). The hydrogen bond donor count is 2 and its complexity is 211. It has a topological polar surface area of 281 A^2.The number of the covalently bonded unit is 5 and the number of heavy atoms in the compound is 29. It is used as a supplement of iron and prescribed in anaemia.

Ferrous Gluconate has the molecular formula C12H22FeO14H2O and its molar mass is 446.139 g/mol. The compound is absorbed in the stomach and small intestine where it combines with apoferritin. It is known by other names such as Feg Iron, Simron, Loesferron, and Fergon. It helps in the easy transportation of oxygen by hemoglobin to the tissues. The color of this compound is yellowish grey or pale greenish yellow and is available in granular powder form.

Glycerophosphoric Acid is also known as 1-phosphoglycerol and glycerolphosphate. The IUPAC name of the compound is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl dihydrogen phosphate and its molar mass is 172.073 g/mol. It is available as a clear faint yellow syrupy liquid which has a particular odor and tastes like acid. The chemical formula of the acid is C3H9O6P and has a complexity of 129. It has no formal charge and the topological polar surface area is 107 A^2.

Magnesium Chloride has the chemical formula MgCl2 and acts as an excellent magnesium ion source for synthesis and biology research. It is widely used in medicines and pharmaceutical industries as a source of magnesium which is essential for many cellular activities. It is highly soluble in water and also utilized as a cathartic and in alloys. The compound can easily be extracted from brine and seawater. It has a molecular weight of 95.205 g/mol.

Magnesium Citrate has the chemical formula C6H6MgO7 and its IUPAC name is Magnesium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate. The water retention property of this compound gives it a cathartic action. It belongs to the citrate family of the element magnesium which is able to stimulate peristalsis. It has a molecular mass of 214.412 g/mol and is widely used as a saline laxative for relief of occasional constipation. The drug is also utilized to prevent kidney stones.

Magnesium Hydroxide is popular by its other names such as brucite, milk of magnesia, and magnesium hydrate. Its IUPAC name is magnesium; dihydroxide and the chemical formula is Mg(OH)2. It is typically used in antacid tablets and liquids in laxative products to neutralize stomach acids. It exerts its laxative effects by moving all the hydroxide ions from the stomach to intestines where they attract and retain water and increase peristalsis. It is available in white color and is odorless.

Magnesium Stearate is lightweight and very fine powder and available in white color. The IUPAC name of the compound is magnesium; octadecanoate and the chemical formula is 591.257 g/mol. It is heavily used in plastic industries and as a mold-releasing agent for tablets. The molecular formula of the compound is C36H70MgO4 and the complexity is 196. It is also utilized as an emulsifying agent of cosmetics and as a stabilizer of PVC by conjugating with Ca soap.

Magnesium Trisilicate is used as a food additive and also to absorb fatty acids & remove impurities from used frying oil. The IUPAC name of the compound is dimagnesium; dioxido-bis[[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy]silane and the chemical formula is Mg2O8Si3. It is also utilized as an antacid in the treatment of peptic ulcers. The compound has a molar mass of 260.857 g/mol and a complexity of 141. It relieves the suffering and discomfort of indigestion and heartburn.

Magnesium Glycerophosphate has the chemical formula C3H7MgO6P and its IUPAC name is magnesium;2,3-dihydroxypropyl phosphate. It has white color and is hygroscopic in nature. It is used in the treatment of high level of cholesterol, heartburn, food indigestion, high blood pressure, and magnesium deficiency. The molar mass of the compound is 194.362 g/mol and the complexity is 117. It belongs to the family of magnesium salt and is available as a tablet, capsule, or liquid solution for oral use.

Magnesium Hypophosphite is a type of ionization salt based on two inorganic elements magnesium and phosphorous. The chemical formula for this compound is MgO4P2 and its molecular mass is 150.249 g/mol. It is widely used to prepare sterile formulations and as a magnesium regenerator for the treatment of acute grass tetany condition and also to prevent relapses of hypomagnesaemia. The compound is a good reducing agent so it is utilized in pharmaceutical, and chemical plating fields.

Magnesium Sulphate is an inorganic salt which belongs to the alkaline earth metal sulfates. Its chemical formula is MgSO4 and molecular mass is 120.361 g/mol. It acts as the main ingredient of bath salts and is also used as a beauty product. The compound is utilized by athletes to soothe sore muscles and also to remove splinters. Another application of this chemical is in the treatment of severe toxemias of pregnancy and acute nephritis in children.

The IUPAC name of Manganese Glycerophosphate is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl phosphate; manganese (2+) and it has a molecular weight of 224.995 g/mol. It is completely soluble in water and is tasteless & odorless. This compound finds applications in various fields including animal health, food & beverage, sports nutrition, and vitamins & minerals. It assists in the proper absorption of calcium, carbohydrates, and fats. The compound improves the functioning of nerves & brain and helps fighting free radicles.

Microcrystalline Cellulose Powder (101-102-200) is available as a fine white powder and consists of free-flowing, nonfibrous particles. Its molecular weight is 504.438 g/mol and is known by many other names such as Dextrin, Fortodex, Caloreen, and Nutriose. This powder is produced by the acidic hydrolysis of potato starch. The product is highly soluble in water and its color is white to slightly yellow. The powder can be identified by putting it in iodine solution which gives a red color upon mixing.

Magnesium Carbonate Light-Heavy has the chemical formula MgCO3 and a molecular weight of 84.313 g/mol. It is used to counteract the overproduction of acid in the stomach and provides relief in heartburn and acidity. The compound is available as white, yellowish, or brown crystalline solid or powder. It is also utilized in the manufacture of materials capable of enduring very high temperatures. The chemical is completely insoluble in water and is very lightweight & odorless.

Magaldrate has the chemical formula of AlH3MgO2- and its molecular weight is 86.309 g/mol. The IUPAC name of the compound is aluminum; magnesium; hydroxide; hydrate and is known by different other names including Riopan, Simaphil, and Bemolan. It is mainly used as an antacid in the treatment of duodenal, gastric ulcers, and esophagitis from gastroesophageal reflux. This drug is available in the form of oral suspensions or tablets. It is formed by mixing aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide with another magnesium salt.

Polyethylene Glycol is a polyether compound and also known as polyethylene oxide (PEO) or polyoxyethylene. The structure of the compound is H(OCH2CH2)nOH and the molecular weight of the first compound is 62.068 g/mol. It is odorless, colorless, & viscous dihydroxy alcohol and is sweet in taste. It is used as antifreeze in cooling & heating systems and in hydraulic brake fluids. The compound is also utilized in the precipitation of proteins, viruses, DNA & RNA.

Polysorbate belongs to the class of emulsifiers and is widely used in cosmetics and beauty products. It has the molecular formula of C32H60O10 and molar mass of 604.822 g/mol. The IUPAC name of the compound is 2-[2-[3,5-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)oxolan-2-yl]-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl (E)-octadec-9-enoate and it has a complexity of 632. It is used as a non-ionic detergent for cell lysis and for nuclei isolation & cell fractionation. The compound is extracted from ethoxylated sorbitan and esterified with fatty acids.

The IUPAC name of Purified Talc is dioxosilane; oxomagnesium; hydrate and it is finely powdered hydrous magnesium silicate. Its chemical formula is H2Mg3(SiO3)4 or Mg3Si4O10(OH) and the molar mass is 379.259 g/mol. The compound is commonly used as a dusting powder for medicinal and toilet preparations. It is also utilized in various industries including paper making, plastic, paint & coatings, rubber, food, electric cable, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. The talc is nonflammable, noncombustible, and nontoxic.

Potassium Citrate is a white crystalline powder which belongs to the family of alkali metal chlorides. It is mainly used as an electrolyte replenisher and in the treatment of hypokalemia. Its molecular formula is C6H5O7K3.H2O and molar mass is 306.394 g/mol. This drug is highly soluble in water due to which it is utilized as a diuretic, expectorant, and systemic alkalizer. It helps in raising the pH of blood and urine by increasing the concentration of plasma bicarbonate.

Sodium Starch Glycolate (Maize & Potato) is a white, fine, and free-flowing powder which is generally used in tablets prepared by either direct compression or wet-granulation process. It has very high hygroscopic nature due to which it is used in oral pharmaceuticals as a disintegrant in tablet and capsule formulations. The compound is tasteless and odorless and can be prepared from various starchy foods including corn, wheat, rice, and potatoes.

The IUPAC name of Sodium Stearyl Fumarate is sodium;(E)-4-octadecoxy-4-oxobut-2-enoate and the molecular formula is C22H39NaO4. It is an inert and hydrophilic compound which acts as tablet lubricant and accelerates disintegration. It has excellent hardness characteristics and is insensitive to differences in blending time and lubricant levels. Due to its high melting point, it is widely used as a lubricant for high-speed direct lubrication. The compound provides excellent API stability by avoiding incompatibilities.

The IUPAC name of Zinc Stearate is zinc; octadecanoate and the chemical formula is C36H70O4Zn. The molecular weight of the compound is 632.332 g/mol and the complexity is 196. It is light white in color and available as an amorphous powder which is free from gritty particles. This compound finds application in different industries including rubber, plastic, polyester, polyurethane, abrasive, coating, printing inks, and PVC industries due to its water repelling characteristics.

Zinc Citrate has the chemical formula C12H10O14Zn3 and the IUPAC name is trizinc;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate. The molecular weight of the compound is 574.338 g/mol and the complexity is 211. It is generally used in dental care products such as toothpaste, mouthwashes, and chewing gums. This compound is available as a dietary supplement for the treatment deficiency of zinc. After the oral administration, it shows excellent absorption so it is also utilized in food supplements, functional foods, and beverages.

Zinc Sulphate Monohydrate acts as a raw material for the production of lithophone and zinc salts. Its molecular formula is H2O5SZn and the molecular weight is 179.451 g/mol. It is used as a source of zinc for animal feeds, fertilizers, and agricultural sprays. This compound is also utilized in synthetic fiber industry, zinc plating, fungicide, and water purification. It is produced by the reaction of an ionic salt of zinc and sulfuric acid.

Crosscarmellose Sodium is an excipient substance used as a superdistigrant, which is formulated alongside active ingridient of a medicine for the purpose of stabilization. With the E number E468, it is also recommended to be used as an emulsifier in food processing. This compound is an internally cross linked carboxymethylcellulose having -CH2-COOH groups bound to some hydroxyl groups of glucopyranose monomers to make cellulose backbone. It is known to assist tablet disintegration in gastrointestinal tractwithout any delay.